Ishihara colour test 38 tables
Book with 38 plates. Testing for color blindness requires a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. This series of plates is intended to detect color blindness in people who cannot read, and color blindness, from an early age.
Plates are designed with simple geometric shapes, because the examinees may not be able to understand complicated pieces. The test gives a quick and accurate assessment of color blindness of congenital origin.
Most cases are diagnosed with red-green deficiency, which can be of two types:
- protan, which can be absolute (protanapia) or partial (protanomaly)
- deutan, which can be absolute (deuteranopia) or partial (deuteranomaly)
No. 1. Both normal and those with all kinds of color blindness deficiencies read it as 12.
No. 2~5. The normal ones read them as 8 (No. 2), 6 (No. 3), 29 (No. 4) and 57 (No. 5). Those with
red-green deficiencies read them as 3 (No. 2), 5 (No. 3), 70 (No. 4) and 35 (No. 5). Those with
total colour blindness and weakness cannot read any numbers.
No. 6~9. The normal ones read them as 5 (No. 6), 3 (No. 7), 15 (No. 8) and 74 (No. 9). Those with
red-green deficiencies read them as 2 (No. 6), 5 (No. 7), 17 (No. 8) and 21 (No. 9). People with
total colour blindness and weakness cannot read any numbers.
Nos. 10~13. Normal people read them as 2 (No. 10), 6 (No. 11), 97 (No. 12), and 45 (No. 13). The
majority of people with color blindness cannot read them or read them incorrectly.
Nos. 14~17. Normal people read them as 5 (No. 14), 7 (No. 15), 16 (No. 16), and 73 (No. 17). The
majority of people with color blindness cannot read them or read them incorrectly.
Nos. 18~21. The majority of people with red-green deficiencies read them as 5 (No. 18), 2 (No.
19), 45 (No. 20), and 73 (No. 21). The majority of normal and those with total color blindness
and weakness are unable to read a digit.
Nos. 22~25. The normal read them as 26 (No. 22), 42 (No. 23), 35 (No. 24) and 96 (No. 25). In
protanopia and strong protanomaly only 6 (No. 22), 2 (No. 23), 5 (No. 24) and 6 (No. 25) are read, and in mild protanomaly both digits on each plate are read, but the 6 (No. 22),
2 (No. 23), 5 (No. 24) and 6 (No. 25) are clearer than the other digits. In deuteranopia and
strong deuteranomaly only 2 (No. 22), 4 (No. 23), 3 (No. 24) and 9 (No. 25) are read, and in
mild deuteranomaly both digits on each plate are read, but the 2 (No. 22), 4 (No. 23), 3
(No. 24) and 9 (No. 25) are clearer than the other digits.
Nos. 26 and 27. In tracing the squiggly lines between the two X's, the normal trace is along the
purple and red lines. In protanopia and strong protanomaly only the purple line is drawn, and in
mild protanomaly both lines are drawn, but the purple line is easier to follow. In deuteranopia and severe deuteranomaly only the red line is drawn, and in mild
deuteranomaly both lines are drawn, but the red line is easier to follow.
Nos. 28 and 29. When drawing the squiggly line between the X's, the majority of those with red-green
deficiencies draw along the line, but the majority of normal and those with total color blindness
and weakness are unable to follow the line.
Nos. 30 and 31. When drawing the squiggly line between the X's, the normal draw the blue-green
line, but the majority of those with color vision deficiencies are unable to follow the line or
follow a line that differs from the normal. 32 and 33. When tracing the squiggly line between the X's, the normal person traces the orange line, but the majority of those with color vision deficiencies are unable to trace the line or
trace a line that is different from the normal.
No. 34 and 35. When tracing the squiggly line between the two X's, the normal person traces the line
connecting the blue-green and yellow-green, those with red-green deficiencies trace the
line connecting the blue-green and purple, and those with total color blindness and weakness
cannot trace the line.
No. 36 and 37. When tracing the squiggly line between the two X's, the normal person traces the line
connecting the purple and orange, those with red-green deficiencies trace the line connecting the purple and blue-green, and those with total color blindness and weakness
cannot trace the line.
No. 38. When tracing the squiggly line between the two X's, both normal and colorblind people can trace the line.